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Italy (Italian: Italia) Officially known as the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica Italiana) is a country located in southern Europe and its capital is the historic city of Rome.  It is one of the world"s major economic powers and the world"s eighth largest economy in terms of GDP. [1] The country is made up of the Italian peninsula and the two islands of Sicily and Sardinia in the Mediterranean Sea.  Today, Italy is a developed country and belongs to the group of eight.  Group Eight or G8 are called industrial powers.  Italy is known as the country of boots because of the appearance of its territory.

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The currency is the euro and the official language is Italian.  Italy has a population of about 60.4 million [2] and 93.9% of its population is Christian.  Italy is the fifth most populous country in Europe and the twenty-third most populous country in the world.  Italy has a temperate seasonal climate, and its coastal climate is very different from that of the inland mountains.  Two very small independent states, the Vatican and San Marino, are located inside Italy, and a piece of Italian territory outside the mainland, in Switzerland, is called the Compione Italy.  Rome, the capital of Italy, as the capital of the Roman Empire and the residence of the pope, has been one of the political and religious centers of Western civilization for centuries.  After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the Italian region was divided into many autonomous regions and cities (including the Republic of Venice and the Church Government), but the various political units in the Italian region united in 1861 to form what is now Italy.