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Portugal (Portuguese: Portuguesa) Officially known as the Republic of Portugal (Portuguese: República Portuguesa) is a country in southwestern Europe.  Its capital is Lisbon and its official language is Portuguese, which is a branch of Roman languages.

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The country has a population of 10.5 million and its currency is the euro.  It is a member of the European Union and NATO, and its governing body is a parliamentary republic.  Portugal is one of the developed countries.  The religion of the people of this country is Christianity from the Roman Catholic branch.

 Portugal is the westernmost country in mainland Europe, and Portugal, along with its only neighbor Spain, forms the Iberian Peninsula.  Portugal is bounded on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and the two archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal.

 Portugal has two major metropolitan areas, one in the south of Lisbon and the other in the north of Porto.  The full name of Porto was Porto-Calais, which means the port of Calais (Celtic ethnic name), and the name Portugal is a pronunciation of the name Porto-Calais.  The regions of Porto and Lisbon have long been in competition with each other.

 In ancient times, the inhabitants of what is now Portugal were the Celtic Galatians and the Lusitanians, who later became part of the Roman Empire, and then the various Germanic tribes came to the land.  The region of Portugal was conquered by the Moroccan (Moroccan) Muslims in the eighth century AD, but the Christian knights later drove the Muslims out of the region.  Portuguese today is more like Latin than any other European language.

 Portugal declared an independent kingdom in 1139.  Although the great empire created by the efforts of the Portuguese sailors later declined, what remains is such that today the Portuguese government is the third largest colonial power in the world.

 Portugal"s colonial rule once included Brazil, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique in Africa, East Timor, and parts of India.  In the 1960s, following the independence of many African countries that had previously been colonized by other colonial powers, Portugal anxiously considered the colonial parts as its inseparable parts. Thus, many of these regions took about fifteen years to gain freedom and independence.  They fought, and finally, in 1974, this led to the fall of Portugal"s dictatorial and fascist regime.  A year later, the Portuguese-occupied and colonized countries, with the exception of Macau, gained independence. [2]

 Potatoes, green tomatoes, olives, grapes and dairy products are among Portugal"s agricultural and livestock products and textiles, shoes, paper, petrochemicals, plastics, pottery and wine are among its products.